WILLISTOWN CONSERVATION TRUST

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Shocking Report Illustrates the Importance of Land Protection

September 20, 2019 By Communications Team

Yesterday an alarming study in the journal Science was released, which detailed the dramatic and shocking decline of birds in North America. Three billion birds have been lost in the last 50 years. This staggering drop includes not only threatened species, but also common ones like Eastern Meadowlark, Wood Thrush, Barn Swallow, Blue Jay and even Baltimore Oriole (like the one pictured here, banded this year at Rushton Woods Preserve).

For every 10 Baltimore Orioles in 1970,
4 have been lost since.

Meadowlarks rely on healthy grasslands for habitat, which have been disappearing as human development and agriculture spreads across the land. Making matters worse without those grasslands, which are also needed to filter stormwater runoff, waterways that birds also rely on are being contaminated.

For 40 years, Willistown Conservation Trust has been permanently protecting land to advance conservation, including the preservation of vital habitat. Our Bird Conservation Program has been using this land to help study birds and promote their protection, operating a banding station, studying their health. Most recently, the Bird Conservation Program and their partners have been among the leaders  in expanding the Motus Wildlife Tracking System throughout the Mid-Atlantic and the Northeast United States. The Willistown Area has even been designated an Important Bird Area by the National Audubon Society because of its habitat and biodiversity.

We will continue our fight to protect land and habitat that birds need to survive. And despite the frightening report, there are some things you can do to help. Here are a few simple actions you can take:

  • Keep cats indoors. It is estimated that domestic cats kill millions of birds every year.
  • Lobby your representatives in Washington, DC, to support the Migratory Bird Protection Act, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act and other legislation that protects the environment.
  • Reduce (or better still eliminate) the use of pesticides (particularly neonicotinoids) and herbicides on your property.
  • Create habitat for birds in your own yard by maintaining shrub scrub, planting native plants, and providing water sources.
  • Participate in citizen science efforts to document bird populations.
  • Provide financial support to organizations that support bird conservation, like Willistown Conservation Trust.

While we are disheartened by the findings of this report, Willistown Conservation Trust is more motivated than ever before to continue our work to protect the land and the birds that rely on it.

We (and the birds) thank you for your continued support!

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird Conservation, Bird ecology, Conservation, Land Protection, Nature

Somewhere Over the Rainbow

September 13, 2019 By Blake Goll

Ruby-throated Hummingbird at Rushton Farm. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

After peeling yourself out of bed in the pitch black of pre-dawn in deliberate disobedience of your circadian rhythm, you wander through the dark to the bathroom where you reluctantly flip on the light and stand blinking into the mirror with owl sized pupils. You go through the motions of getting yourself dressed, quiet as a mouse so as not to wake your sleeping significant other. Finally you creep to the kitchen to adeptly pour coffee into your thermos without spilling a single precious drop even though the light from the east is still woefully dim.

When you get to the preserve, it is near dawn. The air is fresh, and the trees are alive with tinkling chip notes of migrant birds. As you get to work setting the nets in the hedgerows, you take comfort in the sound of an Eastern Screech Owl singing its haunting song down in the lower woods. You smile as the familiar catbird belts out its harsh petition for the sun to rise now. Above you, a rainbow stretches from one lavender cloud to the next and now you remember what it means to be a part of nature.

Billions of birds now have their sights set somewhere over that rainbow as they travel south by starlight. Our bird banding operation at Rushton Woods helps us monitor which migrants are using our specially managed preserve, understand how long they spend here preparing and fueling up for the journey, learn about populations and lifespans, and study their movements.

  • Yellow-breasted Chat captured this week. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff
  • Director of Bird Conservation, Lisa Kiziuk, educates visitor about a Gray Catbird before releasing it. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff

This fall has been excellent so far with a catch most days of 90-100 birds despite the warm weather we’ve been experiencing. Some highlights have included Connecticut Warbler, Yellow-breasted Chat, Nashville Warbler, and Worm-eating Warbler. Some of the most abundant species include Gray Catbird and American Goldfinch.

  • Chestnut-sided Warbler being banded. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
  • Connecticut Warbler banded 9/5. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff
  • Red-eyed Vireo banded this week. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff
  • American Redstart. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff
  • Black-throated Blue Warbler banded this week. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
  • Young Ruby-throated Hummingbird caught at Rushton this fall. We simply release these at the net since we do not have a special hummingbird banding license. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff

Songbird Banding Open House is Tomorrow Morning (9/14) from 7-10:30 am at Rushton Woods Preserve

Come on out to observe our bird banding, see incredible migratory birds up close, and chat with field scientists.

There’s a lot going on in the woods,

Blake

Monarch butterfly. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird Events, migration Tagged With: Bird banding, fall bird migration

Southbound

September 2, 2019 By Blake Goll

Baltimore Oriole banded this May. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff.

Summer is short for our migratory birds like this dazzling Baltimore Oriole. They grace us with their stunning tropical colors and songs for just a few months before their restless souls are again pulled southbound. The truth is, many of these neotropical migrants would likely call the lower latitudes their real home. The North’s appeal lies only in our temperate protein pulse, set in motion each spring by the freeze/thaw cycles found nowhere else. Rich nutrients from glacial soils migrate to the surface of rivers as it warms, thus supercharging an insect driven food web.

This spring’s banding season was our best spring yet with a total of 608 birds of 51 species. That total number includes 483 brand new birds plus 125 recaptures. All but one of the recaptures were our own birds either banded within the same spring season or in previous years at Rushton. The one outlier, or foreign recovery, was an American Goldfinch that was originally banded last fall as a hatch year bird in Maryland!

Visitors helping to release an American Goldfinch after it was banded this May. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff

April and May set some other records for us as well. We were seeing stripes as Black-and-white Warblers dripped from the trees; sure enough, the data showed that we more than doubled out highest Black-and-white capture (14 in 2017) with a total of 33! Oriole numbers were up as well with 7 Baltimore and 3 Orchard. This could very well be a testament to the rich edge habitat, which is preserved around our Rushton Farm that promotes conservation.

Visitors of all ages, from grade schools to universities, flocked to our banding station this spring to learn about these incredible creatures and how our banding efforts help us understand more about them. Check out our previous blog post to learn more about why we band birds at Rushton. Also please enjoy the galleries below of the highlights from our spring banding season. (Click on the individual photos for slideshow style with captions)

April 2019 Rushton Banding Highlights

May 2019 Rushton Banding Highlights

You can visit our banding station at Rushton Woods Preserve now that we are officially opened to the public for fall migration every Tuesday and Thursday morning (weather permitting) from sunrise until about 11 am. Fall migration extends from September 3rd to the first week of November. Stay tuned here for updates and photos throughout the exciting fall season, which is already off to a roaring start with 104 birds caught this past Tuesday.

There’s a lot going on in the woods,

Blake

A bird bander measures the wing of an American Goldfinch this April. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird Conservation, migration Tagged With: Bird banding, migration, migratory bird, Oriole

Getting the Band Back Together

August 29, 2019 By Bird Conservation Team

Fall migration is just around the corner. And that means the banding station at Rushton Woods Preserve will be back in operation.

Bird banding is an important and powerful scientific tool in bird conservation. Understanding our reasons for banding and being able to relate those reasons to the public, along with proper training and the maintenance of high scientific standards is necessary for the success of our banding/outreach program.

Elementary school students observe banding at Rushton Woods Preserve

Rushton Woods Preserve (RWPR) lies within an Audubon Important Bird Area (IBA), offering a great opportunity for banding and allowing us to study the seasonal and long term population patterns and species diversity of migratory and breeding birds. The RWPR banding project contributes to continent-wide monitoring efforts and exemplifies the benefits of low-impact land management practices on bird populations. The RWPR station also allows us to train committed volunteers in the basics of bird banding and creates a setting for responsible nature education and conservation outreach.

In 1595, one of Henry IV’s banded Peregrine Falcons was lost in pursuit of a bustard in France. The falcon showed up 24 hours later in Malta, 1,350 miles away; thanks to banding, they were able to calculate that the falcon averaged a speed of 56 miles per hour. Duke Ferdinand placed a silver band on a Grey Heron around 1669 and the bird was then recovered by his grandson in about 1728, indicating that the heron had lived at least 60 years. In 1803, John James Audubon tied silver cord to the legs of a brood of Eastern Phoebes near Philadelphia and was reportedly able to identify two of the nestlings when they returned to the neighborhood the following year.

These centuries-old records are not only amazing, but gave inspiration to naturalists and scientists interested in understanding the mystery of migration. Today, bird banding is helping to answer questions not only about migration and longevity, but also site productivity, dispersal of young, metapopulations , site fidelity, survivorship, behavior, ecotoxicology and many other population ecology questions important to bird conservation and management around the world. In North America, banding is overseen by the US Geological Survey’s Bird Banding Laboratory (within the Department of the Interior) and the Canadian Wildlife Service. These offices issue federal permits, distribute bands, and compile all the data collected from bird banding. All of the data collected at the RWPR is sent here and is made available to researchers and other banders. Learn more at https://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/BBL/homepage/history.htm.

If you would like to observe the banding process and learn about the science, banding activities at the Rushton Woods Preserve banding station are open to the public on Tuesdays and Thursdays. See our events calendar for dates, time, and other details.

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird Conservation, Bird ecology, Bird Events

For the Love of Birds

November 14, 2018 By Blake Goll

Golden-crowned Kinglet banded on October 30th. Photo by Blake Goll

On the morning before Halloween, the hedgerows and meadows of Rushton were teeming with migratory birds that had descended on the preserve in the pre-dawn chill.  Banders skillfully processed a rush of 60 birds in just the first two hours of opening; the sun was high by the time Alison and I finally had the chance to look at each other and exchange morning greetings after those blurred hours of poring over birds side-by-side behind the banding table.  During the lulls in activity, cold banders could be seen standing in the meadow thawing in the morning sun—some dressed in ridiculous (and awesome) bird onesies in the spirit of the holiday.

One of our banding volunteers as a Scarlet Macaw on October 30th Banding Bender. Photo by Blake Goll

We could not have picked a better day for Rushton’s first 24-hour long banding big day or bird banding bender as some called it.  The purpose of this endeavor was to understand how the bird community shifts throughout the day at Rushton, whether foraging strategies change toward dusk, and if different species are active later in the day.  Banders took shifts throughout the 24 hours until dawn of Halloween.  The resulting catch was 115 songbirds of 22 species and 12 Northern Saw-whet Owls.

Northern Saw-whet Owl banding at the end of the big day, October 30th.  This owl was not amused by the costumes.  Photo by Amanda Dunbar

Analysis of the results led to some interesting finds.  Most of the activity occurred during the first few hours after sunrise, as we suspected; this is when birds’ energy demands are highest after a long night of traveling or simply resting and metabolizing body fat for warmth.  There was a drop in activity mid-day followed by a surge of activity from 4pm until sunset, such that banders had to finish processing the catch with headlamps lighting the feathers.

Banding birds at sunset on October 30th. Photo by Fred de Long

The top species from the banding bender included sparrows (White-throated, Song, and Swamp), American Robins, and Ruby-crowned Kinglets.  Interestingly, the sparrows were only captured during the morning and evening rushes, whereas the kinglets were captured consistently throughout the day.  We suspect  this is because the kinglets have such high metabolisms that the mid-day siesta is not an option for them; they must forage all day long to meet their energy demands, gleaning mostly insects and spiders along with some seeds and berries.

Ruby-crowned Kinglet getting banded. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Visitor releasing a Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Golden-crowned Kinglet getting banded on October 30th. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Hermit Thrush banded October 30th. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Banders were most excited about a White-crowned Sparrow, Brown Creeper, and a Sharp-shinned Hawk (banded at dusk).  After operating the owl station through the night, we began catching songbirds again around 5:30 am, well before dawn.  These were probably incoming migrants, dropping out of the night sky to rest their wings in the habitat that Rushton offers before the morning feeding frenzy.

Brown Creeper banded October 30th. Photo by Alison Fetterman

Leg gauging a Sharp-shinned Hawk for size at the end of the big day, October 30th. Photo by Amanda Dunbar

After the monumental effort of the big day, banders were back at it on November 1st for what was to be the last day of songbird banding for 2018.  However, it didn’t quite feel like the end of the bell curve that we are trying to capture by working the entire season of avian migration.  There was no tapering off of migrants, no time for stretching and yawning and reflecting on how great of a season it was.  The only quiet moments were stolen during the opening of the station in the pre-dawn—hands reaching up to set the black nets against navy skies under the white moon, as sparrows twinkled and stirred in the hedgerows.

White-throated Sparrow banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

The morning rush hour on November 1st. Photo by Blake Goll

Then it was all hands on deck, bird bags weighing down our rack, nets sagging under the weight of birds, and leaves replaced by wings.  Everywhere we looked, small balls of energy were flitting about; kinglets darted and hovered in the shrubs within an arm’s reach, the meadow was alive with sparrows, young White-throats babbled their beginner songs from every corner,  robins streamed overhead, and flocks of geese sailed through the blue skies.

Rushton Farm sunrise on November 1st. Photo by Blake Goll

Banders extracting birds on November 1st. Photo by Blake Goll

There was a palpable migratory energy in the unseasonably warm air.  There was plentitude, multiplicity, and joy.  Psychologists claim that the human mind derives joy from abundance, round things, and color.  I realized that morning why birds bring people so much joy.  They are all of these things and more.  We’re in this business to try to keep them abundant.

Cedar Waxwing in the hedgerow on November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

When all was said and done, we  processed 97 new birds on November 1st (during the normal banding hours).  A total of 14 species were caught including 32 Ruby-crowned Kinglets, 10 Purple Finches, 27 White-throated Sparrows, and 2 White-crowned Sparrows. It was a strange day for the first of November with dragonflies, milkweed bugs, and butterflies active again, taking advantage of the last warm day.  “If you can live, LIVE,” Alison said matter-of-factly.  That struck me.  All any of us creatures have is today, this season, and the beauty of this moment.  And so we soldier on.

White-throated Sparrow release. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

White-crowned Sparrow banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Todd Alleger determining the age of a Tufted Titmouse banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Palm Warbler banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Male Purple Finch banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Female Purple Finch banded November 1st. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

It didn’t feel right shutting down the station with such a high capture rate and key bookend species missing including the Dark-eyed Juncos and Fox Sparrow.  Though we were all tired from a long season, we decided to open the station again last week for one final day.  “Can’t stop, won’t stop,” Holly said.

Holly Garrod taking “light box” photos of the birds on October 30th  for feather study. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

For the love of birds, we operated last Thursday, November 8th.  We processed 73 new birds and 14 recaps of 17 species, including the Dark-eyed Juncos and another Brown Creeper.  The juncos are our snowbirds, breeding in the western mountains and Appalachians as well as throughout Canada, and gracing us with their white-tailed beauty all winter long.  Like other overwintering sparrows, they enjoy feeding on the seeds of native perennials like goldenrod that we have available in the wild meadows of Rushton.  For this reason, we do not mow our meadows until spring.

Dark-eyed Junco banded last Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

Brown Creeper banded  last Thursday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Brown Creepers are one of our favorites as well.  These bark-colored birds use their down-curved bills to probe under furrowed bark of large trees for insects and other arthropods.   Methodically working their way up from the base of the tree, they use their rigid tail feathers as a kickstand, much like woodpeckers.
We concluded the season appreciating a few of our common residents including a Carolina Wren and a White-breasted Nuthatch.

White-breasted Nuthatch banded last Thursday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Carolina Wren banded last Thursday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Aging a Tufted Titmouse. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Swamp Sparrow banded last Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

Last Gray Catbird banded last Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

All in all, it was an extraordinary season, thanks to an exceptional team of licensed banders, ornithologists, volunteers, visitors, students, photographers, and bird lovers.  The grand total was 1,010 new birds and 162 recaps of our own.  We’ll be out there again next spring, for the love of birds.
There’s a heck of a lot going on in the woods,
Blake

Golden-crowned Kinglet released after banding last Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

P.S. Stay tuned for a special owl report coming to a blog near you.
 

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird ecology, migration Tagged With: Bird banding, Bird Conservation, Brown Creeper, fall migration, Golden-crowned kinglet, kinglet, songbird migration

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