WILLISTOWN CONSERVATION TRUST

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Not Just Smoke and Sparrows

October 5, 2018 By Blake Goll

Spider webs illuminated by the dew at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll

Mornings at Rushton this week were humid with water dripping from every leaf and berry.  As the sun ignited the fog, the water rose like smoke from the spicebush hedgerows and the cedar roof of the banding shelter.  It reminded me of a jungle sunrise— the forest visibly exhaling and enormous marbled orb-weavers retreating from their ubiquitous webs.
A new tinkling call from the north woods entered the soundscape.  It was the unmistakable chip note of the White-throated Sparrow.  Sure enough, we caught our first White-throat of the fall season on Tuesday, which marks the transition from a catbird- heavy catch to one dominated by sparrows.  Many of these White-throats will continue south, but some may stay to overwinter at Rushton Farm.

First White-throated Sparrow of the season banded on Tuesday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
Red-eyed Vireo banded on Tuesday. Photo by Blake Goll
Indigo Bunting (After Hatch Year male) banded at Rushton on Tuesday. Photo by Blake Goll

Wednesday was a bountiful day of 30 birds of 17 species, including more White-throats and the guest of honor, a bright male Connecticut Warbler!  Adult male Connecticuts are large, stunning warblers with easter egg-yellow bodies and elegant gray hoods.  Breeding in northern spruce and tamarack bogs, this is a relatively uncommon bird to see during migration and one that gets birders flocking.  According to Cornell Lab of Ornithology, this is a bird that is of conservation concern, meaning it is at risk of extinction without significant conservation action to reverse declines.

Connecticut Warbler banded Wednesday at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll

Abington Friends second graders enjoyed their visit to the banding station on Wednesday.  However, the muddy woodland might have rivaled the excitement of the birds.  These children will always remember the simple thrill of their shoes getting stuck in the deep mud and creating forest art from found objects.  And when they see birds at school or home, we hope they will experience a deeper emotion thanks to their time at Rushton.

Abington Friends second graders with earthworm in Rushton Woods. Photo by Blake Goll
Abington Friends second grader creating nature art in Rushton Woods. Photo by Blake Goll
Abington Friends exploring bumble bees at Rushton Farm. Photo by Blake Goll

According to radar and nocturnal flight call analyses, Wednesday night saw some fairly heavy migration activity in our region.  Consequently, Thursday’s catch produced 35 birds: a good bunch of Swainson’s Thrushes, Wood Thrush, American Redstarts, Black-throated Blues, a Field Sparrow, and American Robins.  We also caught a few residents including a Hairy Woodpecker, Downy Woodpecker, and  White-breasted Nuthatch.  Our Connecticut Warbler from Wednesday decided to stay at Rushton another night to continue bulking up fat stores.  He’s trying to figure out which net he likes best.

Field Sparrow banded at Rushton on Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

Last but not least, a teeny tiny Winter Wren delighted us all. Do yourself a big favor and listen to the video below from Garth McElroy.

Winter Wren banded at Rushton on Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll

There’s a lot going on in the woods,
Blake

Marbled orb-weaver spider at Rushton. Photo by Caitlin Welsh.

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird ecology Tagged With: Bird banding, Connecticut Warbler, kids and nature, migration, Winter Wren

How You Like Me Now? Crowds Get Heavy at Rushton

September 29, 2018 By Blake Goll

White-eyed Vireo banded at Rushton on Wednesday. Photo by Blake Goll
This week of banding was a whirlwind of feathers, fanatics, and fog.  It began with our bi-annual Open House last Saturday, which brought over 80 visitors to the preserve including our old friend, the sun.  The crowd was an exuberant mix of children in our Rushton Nature Keepers club, students from University of Pennsylvania, and others of all ages from our immediate community and beyond.
University of Pennsylvania students and Rushton Nature Keepers during the Open House. Photo by Blake Goll
Rushton Nature Keepers observing a cardinal being banded. Photo by Blake Goll
Although our catch left a lot to be desired for us banders, the visitors were thrilled with Gray Catbirds, Ovenbirds, Northern Cardinals, and Common Yellowthroats.  As many Gray Catbirds as we band, it is important for us to remember that releasing a common bird back to the wild is still special to someone who never knew such a bird existed in their backyard all summer.  And then to imagine it flying hundreds of miles to overwinter near Mayan ruins is even more captivating.
University of Pennsylvania student releasing a bird. Photo by Blake Goll
Villanova student releasing a Gray Catbird. Photo by Blake Goll
During Saturday’s event, Rushton Nature Keepers had fun extracting plush birds from a demo net set up just for them.  They also took measurements on their exceptionally agreeable subjects like wing length, weight, and leg size.  This quickly devolved into kids repeatedly tossing the birds back into the net so they could keep extracting the birds.  Future net pickers?
The quote of the day came from a little girl holding a diminutive, drab wren before release.  “Birds are such extravagant creatures, ” she exclaimed in wide-eyed wonderment.
Rushton Nature Keeper releasing House Wren. Photo by Blake Goll
Rushton Nature Keepers “extracting”  plush birds from the net. Photo by Blake Goll
Rushton Nature Keeper “extracting” a plush bird from the net. Photo by Blake Goll
Wednesday was a gloomy day, but the catch revved up with 40 birds of 12 species.  Highlights included a female Indigo Bunting, a luminous male Magnolia Warbler, and a show-stopping White-eyed Vireo.  The White-eyed Vireo was determined to have hatched this summer, as evidenced from the grayish instead of white eye.  I always get jurassic velociraptor vibes from this bird and am reminded that birds are living dinosaurs.  Maybe it’s the intelligent way in which these vireos cock their heads, fearlessly peering at us through those wild white eyes.
White-eyed Vireo (Hatch Year) banded at Rushton on Wednesday. Photo by Blake Goll
Red-eyed Vireo banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Blake Goll
Magnolia Warbler (After Hatch Year male) banded at Rushton on Wednesday. Photo by Blake Goll
Thursday was the grand finale of people and birds.  Nets were filled with 35 new birds and 18 recaps of 15 species.  So many recaps indicates a bit of a holding pattern for migrants as little movement could occur during the rainy nights we had.  Nonetheless, some brave birds must have lifted off after the rain subsided Wednesday night because Thursday did see a more thrush-heavy catch and managed a young male Rose-breasted Grosbeak as well as a Blackpoll Warbler.  After breeding in the far northern forests, most of these incredible long-winged warblers shoot out from our northeast coast for an over-water, nonstop, 72-hour flight to the northeastern coast of South America.
Swainson’s Thrush banded Thursday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
“Seeing Double”: Black-throated Blue Warblers banded on Thursday. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
Blackpoll Warbler banded at Rushton on Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll
Rose-breasted Grosbeak (Hatch Year male) banded on Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll
Researchers using the cutting edge Motus Wildlife Tracking System of automated radio receiving towers have learned that younger Blackpolls tend to take a safer flight south, hugging the coast after wandering around their natal habitat.  This pre-migratory wandering is thought to help the inexperienced birds develop a search image for ideal habitat the following spring.
Blackpoll Warbler banded at Rushton on Thursday. Photo by Blake Goll
In partnership with Bird Studies Canada and Cornell Lab of Ornithology, our own Caitlin Welsh is piloting high school level science curriculum around this growing new Motus System (which includes more than 40 receiving stations in Pennsylvania, all strategically positioned to help researchers learn about the movements of birds passing through with tiny nanotogs on their backs).  Students from Westtown School will learn how this technology can be used to ultimately help protect birds.  Their visit to the Rushton Banding Station on Thursday had a powerful  effect on the students who are now able to make an emotional connection from what they will learn in the classroom to these incredible living creatures.
Caitlin Welsh educating Westtown School students about bird banding. Photo by Blake Goll
Westtown School Juniors and Seniors with Caitlin Welsh in front of the Motus tower at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll
There’s a lot going on in the woods,
Blake
A greenhouse at Rushton Farm laid to rest for the season. Photo by Blake Goll

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird Conservation, migration Tagged With: Bird banding, Blackpoll warbler, environmental education, Motus Wildlife Tracking, White eyed Vireo

It's Raining Warblers, Hallelujah!

September 21, 2018 By Blake Goll

Magnolia Warbler (After Hatch Year male) banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Blake Goll

Late September is a thrilling time of abundance in the natural world.  As more yellow leaves begin to hustle to the earth ahead of the equinox, the goldenrod finds its stride, and deep purple asters become more plentiful.  Butterflies seem to be more omnipresent now than ever, energized by the late season nectar, and their caterpillars can be found hiding under every leaf and bud.  Our catch mimics this floral and faunal flamboyance in species richness and numbers. 
Even though we were rained out again on Tuesday just like last week, we more than made up for it.   We had a great catch on Wednesday of 35 birds with the highlights including a radiant male Magnolia Warbler and a female Scarlet Tanager.  Although tanagers nest in Rushton Woods, they are a rare catch because they tend to dwell in the tree canopy high above our nets.  Tanagers dine largely on insects, but they also enjoy berries including blackberries, raspberries, huckleberries,  serviceberries, mulberries, and strawberries.  The only reason we caught this one is because we have a new net nestled in a grove of tall sumac shrubs; she was most likely feeding on the velveteen berries of the sumac.  She will continue south, across the Gulf of Mexico, to her wintering grounds in South America.

Scarlet Tanager (After Hatch Year female) banded at Rushton.  Photo by Blake Goll
The view from our new net in the “tropical sumac forest”. Photo by Blake Goll

Yesterday, our catch was even more sensational — 47 birds of a dazzling 19 species! A handful of American Redstarts, a bushel of Black-throated Blues, lots of Common Yellowthroats and Ovenbirds, a Black-and-white Warbler, a vivid Tennessee Warbler, and the prized Connecticut Warbler.  Wood Thrush migrants are now joined by their cousins, the Swainson’s Thrush and Gray-cheeked Thrush.  The Gray-cheeked is the most northern breeding of our thrushes, nesting in underbrush near the edge of the arctic tundra, and is an infrequently seen skulker like the shy Connecticut Warbler.

Gray-cheeked Thrush banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
Connecticut Warbler banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Blake Goll
American Redstart (male) banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Blake Goll
Tennessee Warbler (Hatch Year) banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Celeste Sheehan
Black-and-white Warbler (male) banded yesterday at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll

The other little surprise was a goofy young Yellow-bellied Flycatcher who kept his fuzzy eyelids tightly closed when in the bander’s grip in the hopes of tricking us into letting him go prematurely.  I could see him peeking out from under those sneaky little lids though…you can’t fool me, you sly fly!

Yellow-bellied flycatcher banded at Rushton this week. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Last but not least, a couple of crazy cool cats made their debut — caterpillars, that is.  A Spicebush Swallowtail caterpillar was curled up in its silk day bed it had spun for itself in a spicebush leaf.  We marveled at how incredible nature is for this caterpillar to so closely resemble a snake.  The false eyespots on its thorax, coupled with the rearing up action, is enough to deter any sane bird from turning it into a spicebush twinkie.

Spicebush Swallowtail caterpillar at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll
Poisonous Saddleback caterpillar at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll

Tomorrow is our Open House from 6:30 am- 10 :30 am.  We’ll welcome close to 80 people including University of Pennsylvania students, Rushton Nature Keepers, and everyone else throughout the course of the mayhem, I mean morning.  We hope that all visitors leave feeling closer to nature.
There’s a lot going on in the woods,
Blake

Young male American Redstart just before release. Photo by Celeste Sheehan

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird ecology Tagged With: Bird banding, fall songbird migration, Gray-cheeked Thrush, magnolia warbler, migration, Scarlet Tanager, Yellow-bellied Flycatcher

Put the Lime in the Chestnut-side

September 13, 2018 By Blake Goll

 

Chestnut-sided Warbler (Hatch Year male) banded at Rushton today. Photo by Blake Goll

Strikingly different from the deep calico colors it flaunts during breeding season, the fall Chestnut-sided Warbler is still a sight to behold.  Sporting a stunning lime green poncho and snow white underparts, it bears an uncanny resemblance to the present meadow landscape of Rushton, in which the rich yellow blanket of goldenrod is broken up by fluffy white seed tufts.  Banders were thrilled to have two of these birds in the hand this morning to compare plumages of two different ages and sexes; this species has been absent from our banding records since September of 2015.

Comparing ages and sexes of two Chestnut-sided Warblers  banded at Rushton today. Photo by Blake Goll

As a foliage gleaner of small stature, the Chestnut-sided Warbler is a bird that must stop frequently during migration to build fat stores from foraged insects in order to make it to Central American wintering grounds.  The Veery on the other hand, like the one shown below, is a formidable athlete with powerful wings that can propel it 160 miles in one night —even over open ocean—on its way to central and Southern Brazil.  The orange glow in the photo below is a large amount of subcutaneous fat stored in the furcular hollow (wishbone area) of a Veery we banded today at Rushton.  It is the mighty four-cylinder engine that powers this ball of avian adrenaline.

Veery banded yesterday at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll
Checking the fat stores on a Veery. Photo by Blake Goll

Incidentally, the Veery pictured here weighed a whopping 47 grams, which was a good 12 grams or so more than the other Veeries we banded yesterday.    The Rose-breasted Grosbeak, a hefty bird with a heavy seed-eating bill, only weighed 43.8 grams if that gives you a better idea of the size of this Veery.  This extra weight is strictly from the stored fat, which birds only carry as fuel for migration.
All in all, we had a nice catch this week, despite having to cancel Tuesday because of the abnormally wet conditions and swampy net lanes.  Our “make-up day” yesterday produced 40 birds of 13 species, and today’s total was 45 birds of 16 species. Enjoy the photo highlights below.

Wood Thrush banded at Rushton today. Photo by Blake Goll
Trail’s Flycatcher banded yesterday at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll
Banders comparing ages of American Redstarts banded yesterday at Rushton. Photo by Blake Goll
As a reminder, visitors are welcome to join us at Rushton Woods every Tuesday and Thursday morning through November 1st from 6:30- 10:30 am.  If it’s raining, you will not find us there.
There’s a lot going on in the woods,
Blake
Dewy spiderweb “dream catcher” with the new Rushton Conservation Center in the background. Photo by Blake Goll

Filed Under: Bird Banding, Bird ecology, migration Tagged With: American Redstart, Bird banding, Chestnut-sided warbler, fall migration, songbird conservation, veery, wood thrush

You Look Like a Tall Glass of Waterthrush

September 6, 2018 By Blake Goll

Northern Waterthrush banded at Rushton today. Photo by Blake Goll
The sallow leaves fell slowly through the visible cloak of humidity, dark silhouettes of jays pierced through the gray overhead, blood red berries on spicebush sparkled in the dew,  and wet bumblebees sleepily clung to their violet thistle trundles.    Crickets twinkled through the morning fog as big ripe walnuts thudded to the damp ground.  Gazing out over the farm, I spied the bright cream-colored flowers of okra atop their tall green stalks, like a string of globe lights bringing cheer to the gloom. There were some birds around as well.
We caught 25 birds of only 8 species before cautiously closing early again at 9:30 am.  The highlight was the Northern Waterthrush pictured above.  A lover of wet bogs, forests, and streams, this sprightly tail-bobbing warbler can be found in backyards during migration on its way to Central America.  We also caught our commoners including Common Yellowthroats, cute Carolina Wrens, Gray Catbirds, Wood Thrush, and American Robins.
Carolina Wren banded at Rushton today. Photo by Blake Goll
Holly showing how to release a young catbird. Photo by Blake Goll/Staff
I love the photo below because it captures a different kind of “farm to table” (banding table, that is).  These are our banding staff who also work tirelessly on the 6-acre farm of Rushton, helping to produce 30,000 pounds of sustainably grown food, annually.  “In the face of today’s rapid population growth, you can’t do agriculture without conservation anymore,” said Lisa Kiziuk, Director of our Bird Conservation Program.  “We just try to make sure that if you have to take land, at least it’s usable by wildlife.”
Our “farm to table” staff: Todd and Caitlin (pictured at the banding table aging a robin) also work hard on the farm for the rest of the day. Photo by Blake Goll
The way we do farming at Rushton is how they did it in the old days—leaving unkempt hedgerows and wild meadows surrounding the farm fields rather than clearing everything.  Here, we leave space for the finches, salamanders, and caterpillars while satisfying the community’s appetite for food and feathers.   If food is the entrée for connecting people to the wild as Lisa says, then I’d say birds are the amuse-bouche.
There’s a lot going on in the woods,
Blake
Brown-hooded owlet caterpillar on goldenrod. Photo by Blake Goll

Filed Under: agroecology, Bird Banding, migration Tagged With: Bird banding, bird migration, Carolina Wren, fall songbird migration, northern waterthrush, sustainable farming

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